Space subsystems design: (navigation, control, structure and…)
hamid reza ali mohamadi; Hassan Naseh
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 25 September 2023
Abstract
Achieving to new technologies with high reliability, along with reducing the cost and time of the design cycle, is one of the most important challenges in complex systems. In this paper, reliability based design of a space system is discussed in the conceptual design phase. Normally, there are eight ...
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Achieving to new technologies with high reliability, along with reducing the cost and time of the design cycle, is one of the most important challenges in complex systems. In this paper, reliability based design of a space system is discussed in the conceptual design phase. Normally, there are eight steps in the design for reliability. The first step, planning, and the next seven steps that applied for the liquid propellant engine with electro-pump technology included: determination of failure modes; reliability modeling; reliability allocation; propagation of uncertainty; Implementation of the chosen method in reliability analysis; reliability prediction and reliability evaluation. Therefore, in this research has been performed to achieved method and implementation steps of reliability design in the conceptual design phase of a space system.
safety in space
Mohammad Nadjafi; Hassan Naseh; Mehrdad Sedigh Koochaki
Volume 16, English Special Issue , November 2023, , Pages 39-50
Abstract
The Monopropellant Hydrazine Propulsion system is one of the most widely used types of single-agent propulsion systems to control the position or correction of satellites in orbits. This system consists of combustion chamber subsystems (catalyst bed, catalyst, nozzle, and cap), fuel and fuel tank, high-pressure ...
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The Monopropellant Hydrazine Propulsion system is one of the most widely used types of single-agent propulsion systems to control the position or correction of satellites in orbits. This system consists of combustion chamber subsystems (catalyst bed, catalyst, nozzle, and cap), fuel and fuel tank, high-pressure tank, control valves, and interface pipes. In this paper, the MPHP system (as a case study) is described in detail, and then critical risks are identified by creating FMECA tables on the case study in the design phase. Based on the proposed FMCEA flowchart, potential failure modes are identified. In the next step, decisions and corrective actions are formulated regarding the inherent failures of the system. Finally, the necessary measures to reduce the risks will be taken according to the system's failure modes, and the reduction of the identified risks to an acceptable level is presented. The attained results show that the catalyst decomposition chamber, catalyst bed, inlet flow control valve, and propellant management facilities units have the highest risk index values (RPN), respectively. For this purpose, corrective measures have been suggested for each of these.
Space systems design (spacecraft, satellites, space stations and their equipment)
Sajjad Davari; Hadiseh Karimaei; Mohammad Reza Salimi; Hassan Naseh
Volume 16, Issue 2 , June 2023, , Pages 55-61
Abstract
In this paper, the catalyst bed of a 10 N hydrazine monopropellant thruster was designed. The catalyst bed is including iridium granules, which is used to decompose the hydrazine in monopropellant thruster. Hydrazine must be decomposed almost completely in the catalytic chamber, because it is a carcinogenic ...
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In this paper, the catalyst bed of a 10 N hydrazine monopropellant thruster was designed. The catalyst bed is including iridium granules, which is used to decompose the hydrazine in monopropellant thruster. Hydrazine must be decomposed almost completely in the catalytic chamber, because it is a carcinogenic chemical fuel and on the other hand, achieving the maximum power from the thruster is also an important goal. As a result, the effect of change in catalytic chamber length on the mass fraction of chemical species including hydrazine, ammonia, nitrogen, and oxygen was studied. Also, after determining the length of the catalytic chamber, the diameter of the nozzle throat corresponding to the same length was determined.
Space New Technologies
Hassan Naseh; Ali Alipoor
Volume 16, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Pages 23-34
Abstract
The main purpose is to introduce the performance system design and optimization method of aerospike nozzle for different aero-space conditions. For this purpose, some of the important parameters of the aerospike nozzle structure and cold flow condition tests in the nozzle optimization are studied. The ...
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The main purpose is to introduce the performance system design and optimization method of aerospike nozzle for different aero-space conditions. For this purpose, some of the important parameters of the aerospike nozzle structure and cold flow condition tests in the nozzle optimization are studied. The methods of designing the Aerospike nozzle and its governing equations are described and the proposed design model is described and important factors are expressed in this type of nozzle. therefore, the design of a complete nozzle is made by aerospike and is supported by an existing design sample. Then, in order to optimize the nozzle, three cuts of 20%, 40% and 60% of the nozzle end are analyzed. The standard for comparison and optimization in these three slices is the Mach number of the output current. The results of this comparison show that the most efficient aerospike nozzle is a 40% cut nozzle based on the flow charts and contours of this aerospace nozzle.
Space systems design (spacecraft, satellites, space stations and their equipment)
Sajjad Davari; Hadiseh Karimaei; Mohammad Reza Salimi; Hassan Naseh
Volume 16, Issue 1 , March 2023, , Pages 35-46
Abstract
Monopropellant thruster are used to inject a satellite into orbit or control its position on three axes in space missions. One of them is hydrazine thruster which is widely used. In this research, design of the injector, decomposition chamber and nozzle of a 10N hydrazine monopropellant thruster have ...
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Monopropellant thruster are used to inject a satellite into orbit or control its position on three axes in space missions. One of them is hydrazine thruster which is widely used. In this research, design of the injector, decomposition chamber and nozzle of a 10N hydrazine monopropellant thruster have been performed. The capillary injector was designed using Fluent software for this thruster which was able to supply the mass flow rate of the thruster (5 gr/sec). The decomposition chamber contains catalyst granules and its dimensions were selected based on the complete decomposition of hydrazine. The nozzle was designed by RPA software. The validation of the design with RPA software was checked by a numeric code. This code was able to calculate the dimensions of the decomposition chamber based on the amount of hydrazine decomposition. Accordingly, the results of both design methods are strongly consistent with each other. At the end of the design, the final thruster design and drawings were prepared.
Space New Technologies
Hassan Naseh; Mostafa Jafarpanah
Volume 15, Issue 3 , September 2022, , Pages 79-92
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present the cost estimation and optimization of space propulsion systems. Thus, choosing optimal propulsion system (from fuel and oxidizer aspect) is done in order to increase the efficiency and decrease the cost. Also, human resource cost and technology development time ...
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The purpose of this paper is to present the cost estimation and optimization of space propulsion systems. Thus, choosing optimal propulsion system (from fuel and oxidizer aspect) is done in order to increase the efficiency and decrease the cost. Also, human resource cost and technology development time based on the consideration of labor cost effect on the personals motivation have been optimized. To this end, cost estimation and optimization algorithm has been drawn and suggested. The suggested algorithm has two steps. The first step in the algorithm is concern to cost estimation for seven fuel and oxidizer components. In the second step, labor cost and project implementation time is estimated and optimized based on the optimal space propulsion system derived from the previous step. Here, the objective functions are propulsion system technology development cost and time. On the other hand, the purpose is to consider the salary enhancement and consequently efficiency enhancement, time decrease and cost decrease.
Space systems design (spacecraft, satellites, space stations and their equipment)
Mostafa Jafarpanah; Hassan Naseh
Volume 14, Issue 4 , December 2021, , Pages 25-33
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to present the cost estimation model for Cryogenic/Semi-Crogenic space propulsion systems. Therefore, the space propulsion system selection from fuel and oxidizer type aspect and achieving the maximum performance and minimum cost has been performed. Then, the fuel and oxidizer ...
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The purpose of this paper is to present the cost estimation model for Cryogenic/Semi-Crogenic space propulsion systems. Therefore, the space propulsion system selection from fuel and oxidizer type aspect and achieving the maximum performance and minimum cost has been performed. Then, the fuel and oxidizer pair samples based on the mass – energy specifications (engine weight- specific impulse) and engine operation cycle type with respect to the mission possibility has been determined. To this end, the algorithm for implementing and using the proposed cost estimation model has been designed. In this algorithm, the proposed cost estimation model is developed based on the existing cost estimation relationship and verified by comparing the existing models. Finally, the outputs in the algorithm are cost-performance (specific impulse) graph for the seven fuels and oxidizer pairwise, engine selection based on achieving maximum specific impulse and providing the design space searches for the cost and time optimization in the space projects.
Space Engineering
Mohammad N. Meibody; Hassan Naseh; Fathollah Ommi
Volume 12, Issue 4 , December 2019, , Pages 35-46
Abstract
Now, the required samples to achieve the specific precision of sensitivity analysis in design are performed based on trial and error methods. The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach for determining the number of the required sample to achieve the specific precision of sensitivity analysis. ...
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Now, the required samples to achieve the specific precision of sensitivity analysis in design are performed based on trial and error methods. The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach for determining the number of the required sample to achieve the specific precision of sensitivity analysis. Thus, in this paper, a new sensitivity analysis method is proposed based on the Progressive Latin hypercube Sampling (PLHS) and the convergence of the analysis results. For this purpose, a PLHS method has been developed. This cystic approach has led to a sensitivity analysis of accuracy, efficiency, and speed in a variety of models with a large number of large parameters and large changes. Sensitivity analysis has been performed on the design of a hydrazine monopropellant thruster catalyst bed model as a case study. The results of this study indicate that in the sensitivity analysis based on the PLHS, the minimum population required for sensitivity analysis with specified accuracy can be determined. This leads to lower processing costs in the sensitivity analysis process, especially in complex models.
Hadiseh Karimaei; Mohammad Reza Salimi; Hassan Naseh; Ehsan Jokari
Volume 12, Issue 1 , April 2019, , Pages 13-22
Abstract
In this paper, design and physical configuration of various components of a 10N Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster focusing on design calculations and optimization of catalytic combustion chamber. According to this design, a prototype of the thruster will be manufactured. The mentioned thruster has been ...
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In this paper, design and physical configuration of various components of a 10N Monopropellant Hydrazine Thruster focusing on design calculations and optimization of catalytic combustion chamber. According to this design, a prototype of the thruster will be manufactured. The mentioned thruster has been designed as a three-piece modular thruster, including an injection system, catalytic combustion chamber and nozzle. Based on analyzes done for each module, the propulsion characteristics of monopropellant thruster system have been identified and used for the next module as necessary inputs. The combustion chamber dimensions are selected based on criterion of maximum decomposition of 40% ammonia and Mach number of 0.02. Also, the third module is the nozzle, designed as a simple cone. The exterior body design of these three modules and their connections to each other, based on considerations of sizing and weight limitation, as well as being dual purpose for use in the cold and hot tests, has been performed.
Hassan Naseh; Mehran Mirshams; Elyas Fadakar; Mehdi Jafari Nadoushan
Volume 11, Issue 2 , September 2018, , Pages 47-53
Abstract
The main goal of this paper is to introduce the Moon exploration mission design based on existing technology.The Moon exploration mission design entailsoptimal maneuvering orbit, payload and launch vehicle design. Optimal maneuvering orbit is designed with respect to Circular Restricted Three Body Problem ...
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The main goal of this paper is to introduce the Moon exploration mission design based on existing technology.The Moon exploration mission design entailsoptimal maneuvering orbit, payload and launch vehicle design. Optimal maneuvering orbit is designed with respect to Circular Restricted Three Body Problem (CRTBP) to model the motion of a spacecraft in the Earth/Moon system. To this end, optimal maneuvering orbitadopted CRTBP as dynamical model and obtained three-dimensional Earth to Moon transfers with low cost. This method is more preferable and flexible than Hohmann transfer because of its lower cost and its access to various inclinations in departure and arrival.The optimal Launch Vehicle Conceptual Design (LVCD) algorithm is based on optimization of major design parameters. LVCD algorithm is coded in a software to let the design engineer explore the design space and to reduce the cost and time of the conceptual design phase that is developed by the authors.The optimization process is performed subject to the restrictions and the performance index is optimized in a mutual iteration mechanism. Consequently, the designed launch vehicle ability to satisfy the mission objectives and its requirements is evaluated.
Hasan Naseh
Volume 9, Issue 4 , April 2017, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
The major purpose of this paper is to present Space Launch System (SLS) family technology development from propulsion system aspect. Thus, the models of cost estimation for two types of propulsion systems (cryogenic and semi-cryogenic) are derived based on the statistical method and are then compared ...
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The major purpose of this paper is to present Space Launch System (SLS) family technology development from propulsion system aspect. Thus, the models of cost estimation for two types of propulsion systems (cryogenic and semi-cryogenic) are derived based on the statistical method and are then compared with each other. The SLS family modernization model includes five main steps:(1) SLS family propulsion system mass and energetic calculations; (2) Cost estimation and analysis; (3) Sensitivity analysis of propellant volume tanks; (4) Sensitivity analysis of propulsion system performance based on cost; (5) mass, energetic and cost calculations of cryogenic and semi-cryogenic propulsion systems. Finally, the results of the modernization methodology execution are verified by an existing propulsion system.
Hasan Naseh; Mehran Mirshams; Javad Naderifar
Volume 9, Issue 3 , December 2016, , Pages 73-79
Abstract
The main goal of this paper is development of multi-stage Launch Vehicle (LV) system design software based on advanced classical method. This software has been named Launch Vehicle Conceptual Classical Design (LVCCD). This software covers the complete syllabuses of LV System Design (LVSD) course. The ...
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The main goal of this paper is development of multi-stage Launch Vehicle (LV) system design software based on advanced classical method. This software has been named Launch Vehicle Conceptual Classical Design (LVCCD). This software covers the complete syllabuses of LV System Design (LVSD) course. The main characteristic of the software development is to step by step training the LVSD. Also it can help the better understand in the course in the best quality and lower time. The algorithm used in the software developed according to the outline of LVSD (major design parameters, LV's mass-energy equations and velocity losses and etc.) and using the multi-stage LV statistical data. Hence, these advantages led to better understanding and conceive. Also LVCCD can improve the qualification of training. Finally, the LVCCD software evaluated and verified with the design software as Launch Vehicle Conceptual Design (LVCD) and PBRM by using existing multi-stage LV.
H. Fazeli; H. Naseh; M. Mirshams; A.B. Novinzadeh
Volume 7, Issue 3 , October 2014, , Pages 9-21
Abstract
Designing space propulsion systems as one of the important subsystems of the spacecrafts and upper stage space launch systems needs to bypass different and complicated steps. In this article the comprehensive process of designing liquid fuel low-thrust space propulsion systems was illustrated. In the ...
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Designing space propulsion systems as one of the important subsystems of the spacecrafts and upper stage space launch systems needs to bypass different and complicated steps. In this article the comprehensive process of designing liquid fuel low-thrust space propulsion systems was illustrated. In the presented pattern, first of all according to the requirements and mission constraints, the main characteristics of the system were determined and then other characteristics were extracted. Finally, for the evaluation of the presented pattern, a low-thrust space propulsion system was designed based on a special mission and the results were compared with a real model. Comparison between the designed space propulsion system and the real one showed an appropriate accuracy of the presented pattern
M. Mirshams; S. Irani; A. M. Akhlaghi; H. Naseh
Volume 5, Issue 2 , July 2012, , Pages 49-57
Abstract
The goal of this paper is presenting a methodology for reliability allocation to launch vehicle subsystems using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in conceptual design phase. In this methodology, the goal function is reliability and the main considered criterions are technology, complexity, operational ...
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The goal of this paper is presenting a methodology for reliability allocation to launch vehicle subsystems using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method in conceptual design phase. In this methodology, the goal function is reliability and the main considered criterions are technology, complexity, operational time of each subsystem and cost. For applying AHP method to launch vehicle subsystems reliability allocation, a Matlab code( for investigating compatibility and determining allocation weight factors by employing Matrix Eigen Vector Method) and a Excel sheet( for forming the comparison matrix) are employed. To this point, by using the outcomes of liquid-propellant launch vehicle conceptual design software (LVCD) which developed by authors, the launch vehicle specifications and operational time of each subsystems is derived and is feed to this methodology as input. The results of applying this method to launch vehicle reliability allocation for the second stage of a launch vehicle, shows the error of this method below 2%. It is clear that this small error in reliability issues in conceptual design phase is acceptable.
M. Mirshams; H. Karimi; H. Naseh
Volume 1, Issue 2 , December 2008, , Pages 17-25
Abstract
The principle goal of this paper is to introduce Launch Vehicle Conceptual Design (LVCD) software based on multi-parameter optimization idea. The main objectives of this software arereduction of the cost and time of conceptual design phase. This software is user friendly such that an operator familiar ...
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The principle goal of this paper is to introduce Launch Vehicle Conceptual Design (LVCD) software based on multi-parameter optimization idea. The main objectives of this software arereduction of the cost and time of conceptual design phase. This software is user friendly such that an operator familiar with fundamentals of design and launch vehicle mass – energy equations and with primary training operator is capable to work with LVCD.The algorithm used in LVCD, is based on combinational optimization of major design parameters. To this end, ten sub-algorithms will be presented in this design approach. Mass distribution of different stages to launch maximum payload mass to the orbit, pitch program trajectory to get to the maximum final velocity, and providing minimum velocity loss due to gravity, and also minimum axial acceleration of various stages of launch vehicle will be optimized as the results of the presented approach. The optimization process is performed subject to the restrictions. Also, the performance index is optimized in a mutual iteration mechanism (multi-parameter optimization). Evaluation and verification of the presented method is performed using available data of two and three-stage launch vehicles.
