نوع مقاله : مقالة‌ تحقیقی‌ (پژوهشی‌)

نویسنده

استادیار، پژوهشکده سامانه های ماهواره، پژوهشگاه فضایی ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در ماهواره‌های سنجشی با تفکیک مکانی بالا، حفظ الزامات پایداری و نشانه روی برای موفقیت ماموریت حیاتی است. بدین جهت، معمولاً از ژایروسکوپ‌های بسیار دقیق به عنوان یکی از سنسورهای اصلی تعیین وضعیت استفاده می‌شود. در این راستا، به منظور جلوگیری از کاهش دقت تخمین وضعیت داده‌های ژایروسکوپ باید در فواصل زمانی مناسبی کالیبره شوند. در این پژوهش، رویکرد مبتنی بر فیلتر کالمن توسعه یافته جهت کالیبراسیون ژایروسکوپ مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. بنابراین، نخست، مدلی که در بردارنده پارامترهای اصلی ژایرو شامل بایاس‌ها، ضرایب مقیاس و عدم همراستایی‌هاست معرفی می‌شود. در ادامه، الگوریتمی مبتنی بر فیلتر کالمن توسعه یافته جهت تخمین پارامترهای ژایرو ارائه می‌شود. سپس، از یک فیلتر کالمن توسعه یافته مبتنی بر کواترنیون ضربی به همراه داده‌های سنسور ستاره جهت تخمین وضعیت بهره گرفته می‌شود. در انتها برای ارزیابی عملکرد کالیبراسیون در حلقه کنترل وضعیت، کنترل‌کننده‌ای مبتنی بر بازخورد کواترنیون طراحی و بکار گرفته شده است. نتایج بدست آمده از حلقه کنترل وضعیت، دقت پایداری 0.005 درجه بر ثانیه و دقت نشانه روی 0.15 درجه را نشان می‌دهد که بیانگر کارایی روش ارائه شده در ماموریتهایی با الزامات کنترلی سختگیرانه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of an EKF Based Gyro Calibration Method for High-Precision Attitude Estimation

نویسنده [English]

  • Amir Labibian

Assistant Professor, Satellite Research Institute, Iranian Space Research Center, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

IIn high resolution remote sensing satellites, meeting stability and pointing requirements are very crucial in mission’s success. In this regard, usually, very accurate gyroscopes are utilized as one of the main attitude sensors. In order to avoid decreasing attitude estimation accuracies, gyroscopes data should be calibrated in appropriate time intervals. In this research an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) based approach is investigated for gyro calibration. Therefore, at first, a model which contains main gyro parameters, namely, biases, scale factors and misalignments is proposed. Then, an EKF based algorithm for gyro parameters estimation is presented. Next, a Multiplicative Quaternion Extended Kalman Filter (MQEKF) which uses star sensor data as measurement is applied for attitude estimation. Finally, in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed gyro calibration method in attitude control loop, a quaternion feedback controller is implemented. The simulation results show that satellite’s stability and pointing are maintained with accuracies better than 0.005 deg/second and 0.15 deg which demonstrate the proposed method will be beneficial for missions with tight control requirements.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Gyro Calibration
  • EKF
  • High-Precision Attitude Estimation
  • Quaternion Feedback
  • Remote Sensing Satellites
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